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The hippocampal head is separated from the amygdala (5) by the uncal recess of the lateral ventricle (7) and is characterized by small digitations separated by small sulci, the digitationes hippocampi (6). The hippocampal head is the only portion of the hippocampus not covered by the choroid plexus (7). is a tool to quantify cortical and subcortical brain anatomy automatically and noninvasively. The head (1) is located in front of the mesencephalon, the body (2) can be found at the level of the mesencephalon and the tail (3) is posterior to the mesencephalon. The input are the volumes found in file(s) mri/orig/XXX. To easily recognize the different portions of the hippocampus, we can use the mesencephalon (4). 1 = hippocampal head, 2 = hippocampal body, 3 = hippocampal tail, 4 = mesencephalon, 5 = amygdala, 6 = hippocampal digitations, 7 = temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, 8 = uncal recess of the lateral ventricle, 9 = splenium of the corpus callosum, 10 = subsplenial gyri, 11 = crura of the fornices. The hippocampal body is shown in detail in Fig. 2. Zoomed-in 3-T coronal T2-weighted images at the level of the hippocampal head ( c) and the hippocampal tail ( d). Clinical information is often necessary to come to a correct diagnosis or an apt differential.ĭementia Epilepsy Herpes simplex encephalitis Hippocampus MRI.Īnatomy of the hippocampal formation on 3-T axial T2 ( a) and sagittal 3D-MPRAGE images ( b).Pathologic conditions centered in and around the hippocampus often have similar imaging features.Refractory epilepsy and dementia are the main indications requiring dedicated hippocampal imaging.The hippocampus can be affected by a wide range of congenital variants and degenerative, inflammatory, vascular, tumoral and toxic-metabolic pathologies.
![hippocampus anatomy mri hippocampus anatomy mri](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0028377013000854-gr2.jpg)
The target hemisphere was selected based on individual anatomy, atrophy, pial/sulcal configuration, and presence of vessels, ependyma, and ventricles. Knowledge of normal hippocampal anatomy helps recognize anatomic variants and hippocampal pathology. The hippocampus is a small but complex anatomical structure that plays an important role in spatial and episodic memory. Participants underwent MR-guided, low-intensity FUS treatment at 220 kHz (ExAblate Neuro Type 2 INSIGHTEC) directed to the hippocampus/EC with simultaneous injection of i.v.The purpose of this pictorial review is threefold: (1) to review the normal anatomy of the hippocampus on MRI (2) to discuss the optimal imaging strategy for the evaluation of the hippocampus and (3) to present a pictorial overview of the most common anatomic variants and pathologic conditions affecting the hippocampus. The main indications requiring tailored imaging sequences of the hippocampus are medically refractory epilepsy and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging is the preferred imaging technique for evaluating the hippocampus. The hippocampus is a small but complex anatomical structure that plays an important role in spatial and episodic memory.